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Energy and Energy Transformations

I.    Enduring Knowledge: Energy is necessary for change to occur. It is the ability of matter to bring about change.

     A.    There are many forms of energy.

     B.    The total energy in the universe is constant.

     C.    Energy can be transformed and transferred, but not destroyed (Conservation of Energy).

     D.    Energy transfers and transformations exhibit the characteristics of systems with inputs, processes and outputs, as well as connections to other systems

II.  Essential Questions

What happens when energy is added to a system or removed from a system?

What happens in each state of matter as more and more energy is applied?

What happens to the energy after it leaves the system?

Why are some forms of energy harmful?

What happens to the energy that I use?

Where do I get energy?

III.    Understandings

     A.    S7-8:23                                             (DOK 3)

Students demonstrate their understanding of Heat Energy by…

          ο Creating a diagram, model, or analogy for a material in a warm and cool state, showing or describing the motion of the molecules.

                           AND

          ο Creating a diagram, model, or analogy to explain differences among conduction, convection, and radiation, and using their visual to explain how heat energy travels in different directions and through different materials by each method of energy transfer.

    Science Concepts:

               a. Heat energy is the motion of molecules.

               b. Temperature is a measure of the rate of motion of the molecules in a substance.

               c. Increased temperature causes increased motion of molecules and increases the heat energy of they system.

               d. Heat energy is transferred by:

                         Conduction-Collision of molecules in solids.

                         Convection-Organized flow of heat currents through a fluid.

                         Radiation-Transfer by waves that can travel through a vacuum.    

     B.    S7-8:24                                             (DOK 3)

Students demonstrate their understanding of Electrical Energy by…

          ο Building an electric circuit and explaining the transfer of electrical energy into heat, light, and sound, leaving the system, but not destroyed.

                         AND

          ο Predicting the effect of a change in voltage in the circuit system.   

Science Concepts:

                    a. Electric circuits provide a means of transferring electrical energy when heat, light, and sound are produced. The

electrical energy is spread out yet still conserved.

                    b. Electric charges can have “potential” energy (voltage). The higher the potential energy of the charges, the higher

the voltage.    

     C.    S7-8:28                                             (DOK 3)

Students demonstrate their understanding of Light Energy by…

          ο Designing demonstrations that represent the characteristics of light energy transfer.

                             AND

          ο Explaining that visible light is made up of colored light waves.   

Science Concepts:

                    a. Light is a form of radiant energy.

                    b. Transmitted light can be refracted (change in direction of the light) when it passes from one medium into another.

                    c. Visible light is part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Visible (white) light is made up of colored light waves of the visible spectrum.   

     D.    be familiar with and identify different forms of energy

                         1.    potential

                              a.    chemical

                              b.    stored mechanical

                         2.    nuclear

                         3.    gravitational

                         4.    kinetic

                              a.    electrical

                              b.    radiant

                         5.    thermal (heat)

                         6.    motion

                         7.    sound

     E.    understand energy is constant can not be created or destroyed only transformed from one form to another

     F.    will know how heat (thermal) energy travels

               1.    conduction

               2.    convection

               3.    radiation

     G.    will know how electrical energy transfers to heat light  sound

     H.    will know how light energy is refracted, reflected, can be viewed as different colored wavelengths

     I.    be able to identify their own current energy use and transformations

               1.    identify alternatives to current energy sources

               2.    identify methods that create less waste heat (efficiency)

 

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